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Emigration from Friuli Venezia Giulia to Venezuela
Francesco Fait
Compared to other transoceanic destinations, European emigration towards Venezuela only became a phenomenon of considerable importance after the Second World War. From the 1870s to the end of the Second World War Italian emigration was present, but never considerable. There are traces of Friulians taking part in such emigration, while there is no evidence with regard to Giulians.
All this changed between 1947 and 1948, due to the migration policies established by the Military Junta, which held power in Venezuela between 25th November 1948 and 2nd December 1952, and of General Marcos Perez Jimenez, in power until 23rd January 1958. Embracing the Nuevo Ideal Nacional (New National Ideal) doctrine, which was founded on a technocratic and progressive model and on the authoritative exertion of power, Perez Jimenez promoted the development of the transport system and public buildings. Such a policy had important demographic consequences, which led to strong support for immigration, preferably from Spain, Portugal and Italy. Therefore, the immigration policy pursued the “open doors” policy, aimed at increasing the population in order to industrialize and urbanize the country as well as modernize and increase agricultural production of sustenance. The participation and role of emigrants from the regions of Friuli and Giulia after the Second World War, however important, still remain to be studied, as the subject has so far attracted the interest of few researchers.
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